Agro Fossil Free - From biogas-to hydrogen – Based integrated urban water, energy and waste solids system

Descrizione generale

Three integrated systems of water and municipal solid waste (MSW) management were evaluated regarding their energy use, production and CO2eq emissions: (1) Biogas based aerobic treatment of wastewater and waste solids disposal by landfilling wherein codigesting sludge with MSW and landfill gas capture produce electricity by a turbine and generator. (2) Biogas based wastewater treatment with codigestion of sludge with biodegradable solids combined with incineration of combustible sludge and other solids. (3) Hydrogen-based system replacing landfilling by indirect gasification of organic solids followed by hydrogen fuel cells. There are great differences between CO2eq emissions of biogas and hydrogen-based systems. The first two systems are positive CO2 and methane emitters. Achieving net zero carbon emissions is unlikely. The H2 based system is fully decarbonized and in addition to clean water, energy and negative carbon dioxide emissions it produces valuable commodities such as energy, concentrated hydrogen, fertilizers, oxygen/ozone, and concentrated carbon dioxide.